| Reference Source | Reference Type | Archival Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dunn, J.P. ca. 1900 | No Reference Specified | "pakamakaninji, hackberry" was used by the Myaamia to make puncheons (split log of smoothed wood) for lining the sides of burial holes. |
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| Gatschet, A.S. ca. 1895 | No Reference Specified | Wood of the hackberry was used for firewood. "The tree gives good fuel". |
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| Gatschet, A.S. ca. 1895 | No Reference Specified | The Miami term "pakamakani" refers to the berry of the hackberry, "the dark red berry of the hackberry tree". |
|
| Pinet, P.F. 1696-circa 1700 | No Reference Specified | "apakamanganingi", hackberry |
|
| Burns, N.L. 1938 | No Reference Specified | The young shoots of hackberry, elm and poplar were fed to livestock during hard times. |
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| Burns, N.L. 1938 | No Reference Specified | The Peoria of Oklahoma cut up the tender shoots of hackberry, elm and poplar for cattle fodder. |
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| Dunn, J.P. ca. 1900 | No Reference Specified | "papaaki'mini, hackberry berry" |
| Reference Source | Reference Type | Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gleason, H.A. and Cronquist, A. 1991 | Habitat | Occurs in a moist, rich soils including floodplains throughout eastern and western Myaamia lands. |