| Reference Source | Reference Type | Archival Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bush, L. L 1996 | Use - Food | Human-charred hazelnut nutshell and nutmeat material were recovered from an early 19th century Myaamia village site at the forks of the Wabash River (Ft Wayne), 1795-1812 (Ehler Site). |
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| Gatschet, A.S. ca. 1895 | Related Info | Given by Gatschet as 'pxkíxtänsáxkwi' |
|
| Tippman, D. 1999 | Use - Food | Nuts are gathered for food. |
|
| Anonymous 1837 | Related Info | hazel bush |
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| Kerr, J. 1835 | Use - Food | "ketensυ, hazel bush" |
|
| Dunn, J.P. ca. 1900 | Use - Food | Dunn gives 'p'kítänsĭ' as ‘hazel bush’ & 'p'kítänsĭ pakánĭ' as ‘hazel nut’ |
| Reference Source | Reference Type | Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gleason, H.A. and Cronquist, A. 1991 | Habitat | Occurs in moist or dry woods and thickets throughout eastern and western Myaamia lands. |
| Reference Source | Reference Type | Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gatschet, A.S. ca. 1895 | "pakitänsáxkwi" and "pxkíxtänsáxkwi", hazel bush; "pxkíxtänsi" and "pakítänsi", hazel nut. |
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| Tippman, D. 1999 | Jim Strack mentions the declining abundance of hazelnut and butternut trees in eastern Myaamia lands. "A lot of hazelnut . . . don't seem to grow very good any more, the hazelnuts do, likewise with butternuts". |
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| Bush L. L. 2003 | Archaeological studies have demonstrated that nuts preserved as nutshell, which represent walnut, hickory and hazelnut species were an important wild food resource utilized by Late Woodland prior to 700 A.D. through approximately 1450 A.D. indigenous peoples of central and southern Indiana. Results of these studies indicate that nut use declined over the Late Woodland period prior to 700 A.D. to 1450 A.D., probably due to increased cultivation of fall-maturing crops, like corn, and conflicts with gathering nuts during this same time period. |