| Reference Source | Reference Type | Archival Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pease, T. C. and R. C. Werner 1934 | Horticultural Info | Village location sometimes was chosen for its nearness to an abundance of root crops that attracted vast numbers of birds in the autumn when the marshes were dry. These root crops were quite possibly arrowhead, and the Illinois probably placed their village close to the portion of the lake that had an abundance of tubers available ("y en a une si grande quantite dans la Riviere et principalement dans le Lac au bout duquel les Illiois sont Etablis du coste du nord a cause de la quantite de Racine qu'il"). |
|
| Aatotankiki myaamiaki 1998-2006 | Ecological Info | "We camped near where the Shawnee hills now stand, from which point to the Indianola ferry where the bridge now spans the Kaw, was a swamp or dry lake, and in this lake the wild potatoes grew in abundance. As we laid ourselves down to sleep that night our lullaby was the crunch of the wild hog as he masticated the wild potato, of which he was very fond". |
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| McCafferty, M. 2003 | Use - Food | wapissipena, "bulbs coming in water, white potatoes" ("oignons venant dans leau, pomme de terre blanches"), indicating arrowhead tubers. |
|
| Gravier, J. ca. 1700 | Related Info | Gravier used the Ojibwe/Algonquin term for arrowhead to translate the Illinois term, implying that historically the same word referred to Sagittaria latifolia, in both languages. In Ojibwe, the word waabiziipin appears to mean swan potato, however the word has no morpheme for water in it. There is still some discussion about the Myaamia word and its actual meaning. |
|
| Gravier, J. ca. 1700 | Related Info | cassicassireca8aki, 8abisipiniki, p8kc8re8aki, sont cordees [stringy], ne sont plus bonnes [are better]; type of water onions, wild lotuses. |
|
| Gravier, J. ca. 1700 | Use - Food | "8abipeniki, oignons doux", soft onions |
| Reference Source | Reference Type | Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gleason, H.A. and Cronquist, A. 1991 | Habitat | Occurs in ponds, streams and swamps throughout eastern and western Myaamia lands. |
| Reference Source | Reference Type | Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vezina, R 2002 | 8abissipena is the Illinois word for an edible arrowhead. |
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| Aatotankiki myaamiaki 1998-2006 | "Topeka" means "a place to find small or wild potatoes" in the Kaw language. |