| Reference Source | Reference Type | Archival Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Climate Change Program Staff 2020 | Related Info | The Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission initiated a seed bank project to gather and store seeds of baapaagimaak (Ojibway) black ash, as a proactive response to the ongoing negative impacts of climate change and the emerald ash borer on the black ash population.Seeds are being stored at the National Center for Resource Preservation in Colorado. |
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| Dunn, J.P. ca. 1900 | Use - Material | "papkwilakiki, swamp ash, bark used for baskets". |
| Reference Source | Reference Type | Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gleason, H.A. and Cronquist, A. 1991 | Habitat | Occurs in wet woods, frequently flooded areas, and swamps mostly in northern areas of eastern Myaamia lands. |
The black ash was likely more abundant in southern portions of eastern Myaamia lands prior to agricultural drainage of wetlands and bottomlands. – Michael Gonella |
| Reference Source | Reference Type | Data | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coulter, S. 1932 | Dried exudation sap of Fraxinus ornus can be used as a mild laxative in doses of 15 gm. |
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| Dunn, J.P. ca. 1900 | "swamp ash, pap'-kwe-lah-kik" |
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| Dunn, J.P. ca. 1900 | "peepihkwilakiki" is also known as swamp ash. |
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| Kohn, R.W, Lynwood, M.R, Edmunds, D. Mannering, M. 1997 | Philip Alexis (Potawatomi Pokagon) started making black ash baskets in 1975. He co-oped with Mike Daugherty, since traditionally it is the job of the men to get the wood for basketmaking. Some basketmakers in the Pokagon band became famous, incuding Julia Wesaw and Agnes Rapp. Frank Bush (Potawatomi Pokagon) also made/makes baskets, gathering wood every 2-3 months and runs a basket making class. |